In Lesson 3 you will review previously learned verbs and become familiar with new verbs in each of Groups I (є-ють, е-уть) and II (ить –aть, ить –ять). You will also be introduced to the world of grocery shopping! You will learn how to ask for the prices of foods.

Дієслова: І-а група

The new Group I verbs introduced in this unit are уставати (to get up) and коштувати (to cost).

уставати/вставати: The verb is conjugated in the usual manner by dropping the infinitive ending вати and forming the stem: yста/вста.

Recall how this verb was used in the Unit dialogue.

У тексті ми чуємо:

Діти, час уставати

Ой, як я не люблю вставати!

Shopping for Groceries

You have learned the words for many different foods. In this Unit, you will build on this knowledge of foods by entering a world which is likely very familiar to you – the world of shopping! In previous course material, you learned how to use cardinal numbers in relation to money. Do you recall the following patterns of use?

1 долар; 2,3,4, долари; 5 (і більше) доларів
1 цент; 2,3,4, центи; 5 (і більше) центів

If you need to review these patterns again, consult the lists in the Introductory Unit of this course.

In order to be a good shopper, you must know how to ask about prices of items. For this, you will need to learn to conjugate the Group I verb коштувати (to cost). The forms which are commonly needed are the third person singular (він, вона, воно) and the third person plural (вони).

коштувати: To conjugate this Group I verb, drop the infinitive ending вати to form the stem of the verb кошту:

To ask questions about the cost of an item, begin with the following phrase:

Скільки коштує…? Скільки коштують...?

Read the examples given below:

Скільки коштує риба? ($2.00) Риба коштує два долари.
Скільки коштує масло? ($3.40) Масло коштує три долари сорок центів.
Скільки коштують яблука? ($1.02) Яблука коштують один долар і два центи.

XIII. Exercise 3.ii

Write a complete sentence about each picture.

XIII. Exercise 3.iii

Write complete sentences using the information given.

1. Скільки коштує капуста? ($2.15) ______________________________________

2. Скільки коштує м’ясо? ($12.99) ______________________________________

3. Скільки коштують яйця? ($4.11) ______________________________________

4. Скільки коштує риба? ($9.45) ______________________________________

5. Скільки коштує молоко? ($1.06) ______________________________________

6. Скільки коштує хліб? ($.99) ______________________________________

Дієслова: ІI-а група

In Dialogue 13, Petryk realizes that he must rush to be first in the bathroom!

У тексті ми чуємо:

Треба спішити до лазнички.

спішити – This Group II verb is conjugated by dropping the ending ити to form the stem of the verb: спіш.

XIII. Exercise 3.iv

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb спішити. Read each sentence out loud after you have completed the exercise.

1. Тепер 5:00. Ми ______________ додому.

2. Тепер 8:00. Я ______________ до лазнички.

3. Тепер 9:00. Вони _____________ до школи.

4. Тепер 12:00. Ви _______________ на обід.

5. Тепер 2:00. Мама ______________ до хати.

6. Тепер 6:00. Ти ________________ на вечерю.

7. Тепер 8:00. Вона ______________ до комп'ютера.

8. Тепер 4:00. Дівчата і хлопці _____________ на концерт.

XII I. Exercise 3.v

The following exercise is a review of many verbs which you have learned thus far. Provide the correct verb conjugations for the nouns/pronouns provided.

Займенники

You were introduced to the Interrogative pronoun котрий (which) earlier in this Unit. It is used to ask questions about the time of day and the calendar date.

It is important to note that the Interrogative pronoun який (What kind?) is often used as an alternate choice for the pronoun котрий (Which?). Although the pronouns are not synonyms, they are close in meaning. Study the sentences below.

You already know a little bit about the pronoun який. In Unit XI, you were presented with the Genitive form of the Interrogative pronoun. Recall the following question-answer pattern:

Якого кольору яблуко? Яблуко червоне.
Якого кольору тарілка? Тарілка зелена.

The question above is very specific. It asks for the colour of the items, not any other details. Now, you have a better understanding of this Interrogative pronoun який in its Nominative and Genitive forms.

XIII. Exercise 3.v

Think about the meanings of the Interrogative pronouns presented above. Formulate questions for the statements given below.

1. __________________________________________________________
Банан жовтий.

2. ___________________________________________________________
Сьогодні восьме травня.

3. ___________________________________________________________
Яйця білі.

4. ___________________________________________________________
Тепер друга година.

5. _________________________________________________________
Тарілка й миска зелені.

6. __________________________________________________________
Виноград пурпуровий.

7. __________________________________________________________
Сьогодні двадцяте вересня.

8. __________________________________________________________
Тепер дев’ята година.