In Lesson 3 you will be introduced to some new information about verbs and pronouns, as follows:
This lesson adds one new verb to your list of Group I є-ють, е-уть verbs. This is the verb розмовляти, which means 'to converse' or 'to speak with' someone. Although it is similar to the verb говорити (to speak), this verb always implies that there is a dialogue taking place with another person. The verb is usually followed by the preposition з (зо, зі) plus a noun in the Instrumental Case.
VIII. Exercise 3.i Insert the proper form of the verb розмовляти in the sentences below. 1. Ми _______________________ з Марусею. 2. Я _______________________ з мамою. 3. Ми ______________________ з учителем. 4. Вони _____________________ з татом. 5. Наталка ______________________ з Іваном. 6. Чи ти _______________________ з паном Івасюком? 7. Хто _______________________ з панною Жук? 8. Дівчата, це добре, що ви _________________________ з хлопцем. Auxiliary Verbs You learned in Unit II that verbs are action words which refer to the subject of the sentence and act upon the object of the sentence. Sometimes, verbs need the help of another verb, an auxiliary verb, to form the tense, mood or voice of the sentence. Auxiliary verbs are often called ‘helping verbs'.
In Unit VIII you are introduced to an auxiliary verb belonging to the Group I Conjugation. The verb is хотіти (to want). Until now, you have conjugated Group I verbs by dropping the infinitive ending ти before adding the verb endings. The verb хотіти is slightly irregular in that the ending тіти is dropped. The consonant ч is added to the stem хо before the verb is conjugated. Therefore the stem becomes хоч, as illustrated below.
The auxiliary verb ‘to want' follows the same grammatical rule in English and Ukrainian: the auxiliary verb is conjugated, while the second verb remains in its infinitive form.
VIII. Exercise 3.ii Insert the correct form of the verb хотіти in the spaces below.
VIII. Exercise 3.iii Complete the exercise below by inserting the correct form of the verb хотіти. Underline the second verb in its infinitive form.
Conversations Between Friends Conversations between close friends and family are often informal. They do not follow the same rules of etiquette which apply to respected acquaintances, persons of status or the elderly. A sample conversation between friends is given below. There are some differences to note, as shown below.
VIII. Exercise 3.iv Read the phone conversation below.
Create a new dialogue in the space provided below by inserting new words for those which have been underlined.
Pronouns, like nouns, follow cases and corresponding forms. Earlier you were introduced to the interrogative pronoun хто, as well as the personal pronouns я, ти, він, вона, воно, ми, ви, вони in relation to the Nominative, Genitive and Accusative Cases. Називний Відмінок
Родовий відмінок You were introduced to the use of the preposition до with nouns earlier in this course. When working with animate nouns and pronouns, the question До кого? (To whom?) is used.You will note that after this preposition, personal pronouns я, ти, він, вона change to мене, тебе, нього, неї.
Знахідний Відмінок You were introduced to the use of the preposition про with inanimate (non-living) nouns earlier in this course.
When working with animate nouns and pronouns, the question Про що?(About what?) changes to Про кого? (About whom?). Study the examples given below. Note that after the preposition про, the personal pronouns я, ти, він, вона change in the same way as for the Genitive Case - мене, тебе, нього, неї.
Орудний Відмінок In this Unit, you will learn how personal pronouns are changed in the Instrumental Case. Recall the following question from the dialogue:
You were introduced to the use of the preposition з (зі, зо) with nouns in the Instrumental Case earlier in this course. When working with animate nouns and pronouns in the Instrumental Case, the question З ким? (With whom?) is used. Note that personal pronouns я, ти, він, вона change to мною, тобою, ним, нею in the Instrumental Case. The word хто changes to ким (with whom) when it is used with the preposition з.
* Note that in the phrase зі мною we have added the vowel і to the preposition з. This is done to ease pronunciation, if the word which follows begins with two consonants. VIII. Exercise 3.v Insert the appropriate phrases into the sentences. An example has been given.
VIII. Exercise 3.vi Insert the phrases з нею or з ним into the sentences as shown in the example. When you have completed the exercise, read the entire exercise out loud.
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