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| Lesson 3 introduces you to three types of pronouns:
A personal pronoun is used to replace a noun which names a person, place or thing. In both English and Ukrainian, there are three personal pronouns in the singular number and three personal pronouns in the plural number.
In Ukrainian, the pronoun you may be singular or plural. This dual form is reminiscent of the old English terms Thee and Thou. In its plural form, you may refer to several individuals collectively. In addition, in the Ukrainian culture, it is used as a form of address with new acquaintances or to show respect for one's position or age. When used in this way, the first letter of the word Ви is usually capitalized. In the dialogue Добридень, you were introduced to two personal pronouns in the singular number.
In the above sentence, він (he) refers to Тарас in the dialogue.
Another type of pronoun is the demonstrative pronoun. The exercises which follow will introduce the Demonstrative Pronoun це which means ‘this'.
Please note that in Ukrainian, it is grammatically acceptable to omit the word є (is) in a sentence, as this form of the verb to be is automatically understood within the context of the sentence. A more detailed explanation will be offered later in the course.
A third type of pronoun is the interrogative pronoun. The interrogative pronoun Хто (Who…?) is used when requesting the identity of an individual. The interrogative pronoun Що (What…?) is used when requesting the identity of a non-living object or an action. I. Exercise 3.i Review the exercises which follow orally. They will help you to gain a clearer understanding of the singular and plural forms of personal pronouns.
I. Exercise 3.ii The following exercises substitute nouns such as жінка (woman), чоловік (man), дівчина (girl) and хлопець (boy) for the appropriate personal pronouns. Read the statements aloud and become familiar with the pronouns in the third person singular (він, вона) and plural (вони).
I. Exercise 3.iii Complete the sentences with the appropriate personal pronoun, as in the examples given above.
I. Exercise 3.iv
Complete each sentence with the given pronoun in its opposite form in number (singular to plural OR plural to singular). i.e. Воно тут. Вони там. (3rd person singular to 3rd person plural)
Cultural Enrichment: Continue to practise your Ukrainian handwriting skills by referring to the Unit I exercises which are found in the Cultural Enrichment file.
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